Five traditional Chinese medicine formulations for addressing COVID-19

Authors

  • Junyan Zhang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62051/ew5k7078

Keywords:

Traditional Chinese Medicine; COVID-19; LHQW; XFBD; LCDD.

Abstract

Covid-19 has spread worldwide, with its initial outbreak occurring in China. The Chinese government employed not only Western medicine but also traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in their response. TCM, due to its potential to enhance human immunity, was considered a valuable tool in prevention. Furthermore, the analysis of TCM recipes has shed light on their efficacy. Some of the five recipes, including LHQW, XFBD and LCDD, have been found to have the capacity to enhance the patients’ immunity responses. Furthermore, specific formulations like LHQW, XFBD, and HSBD have the capability to disrupt the attachment of COVID-19 to host cells by impeding its interaction with the ACE2 receptor. It is worth noting that Western medicine (WM) has limitations, thus, leading to the exploration of a combined approach involving both TCM and WM. Clinical observations have demonstrated that the treatment combining TCM and WM is more effective compared to treatments with either approach isolation. However, further research is needed to identify more favorable treatment strategies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Hoffmann M., Kleine-Weber H., Schroeder S., Kruger N., Herrler T., Erichsen S., et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 2020, 181 (2): 271 – 280.

WHO. who.int; 2023. WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.

Cinatl J., Jr., Morgenstern B., Bauer G., Chandra P., Rabenau H., Doerr H.W. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Lancet. 2003, 361: 2045 – 2046.

Lin C.W., Tsai F.J., Tsai C.H., Lai C.C., Wan L., Ho T.Y., Hsieh C.C., Chao P.D. Anti-SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease effects of Isatis indigotica root and plant-derived phenolic compounds. Antiviral Res. 2005, 68: 36 – 42.

Chen F., Chan K.H., Jiang Y., Kao R.Y., Lu H.T., Fan K.W., Cheng V.C., Tsui W.H., Hung I.F., Lee T.S., Guan Y., Peiris J.S., Yuen K.Y. In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds. J. Clin. Virol. 2004, 31: 69 – 75.

Luo Y., et al., ‘Application of Chinese medicine in acute and critical medical conditions.’ Am. J. China. Medicine. 2019,47(6):1223–1235.

Huang, Kai et al. “Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of COVID-19 and other viral infections: Efficacies and mechanisms.” Pharmacology & therapeutics vol. 225 (2021): 107843.

Wang D., Li Z. and Liu Y. ‘An overview of the safety, clinical application and antiviral research of the COVID-19 therapeutics.’ J. Infect. Public Health. 2020, 13 (10): 1405 – 1414.

Liu Y, Tian X, Cui M, Zhao S. Safflower yellow inhibits angiotensin II-induced adventitial fibroblast proliferation and migration. J Pharmacol Sci. 2014; 126 (2): 107 – 114.

Runfeng, Li et al. “Lianhuaqingwen exerts anti-viral and anti-inflammatory activity against novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).” Pharmacological research,2020, vol. 156: 104761.

Niu M., Wang R.L., Wang Z.X., Zhang P., Bai Z.F., Jing J., Guo Y.M., Zhao X., Zhan X.Y., Zhang Z.T., Song X.A., Qin E.Q., Wang J.B., Xiao X.H. Rapid extablishment of traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV based on clinical experience and molecular docking. Chin. J. Chin. Mater. Med. 2020, 45 (06): 1213 – 1218.

Ho T.Y., Wu S.L., Chen J.C., Li C.C., Hsiang C.Y. Emodin blocks the SARS coronavirus spike protein and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction. Antivir. Res. 2007, 74 (2): 92 – 101.

Wang H., Song H., Wang D., Ma X., Zou D., Miao J., Yang W. The molecular mechanism of Xuanfei Baidu formula in the treatment of COVID-19 antiviral effect based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Journal of Hainan Medical University. 2020 (czh-360).

Grein J, Ohmagari N, Shin D, et al. Compassionate use of Remdesivir for patients with severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382 (24): 2327 – 2336.

Xiong, Li et al. “Exploring the mechanism of action of Xuanfei Baidu granule (XFBD) in the treatment of COVID-19 based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics.” Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2022, 12, 965273.

Tao Z., et al., ‘Complementary and alternative medicine is expected to make a greater contribution in controlling the prevalence of influenza.’ Bioscience Trends. 2013, 7: 253 – 256.

Yang X., Yu Y., Xu J., Shu H., Xia J., Liu H., Wu Y., Zhang L., Yu Z., Fang M., Yu T., Wang Y., Pan S., Zou X., Yuan S., Shang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir. 2020, 8: 475 – 481.

Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Zhang C, et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020; 8 (4): 420 – 422.

Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10223): 507 – 513.

Wang, Yun-Peng et al. “Three Ingredients of Safflower Alleviate Acute Lung Injury and Inhibit NET Release Induced by Lipopolysaccharide.” Mediators of inflammation vol. 2020 2720369. 29 Feb. 2020.

Sparks MA, South A, Welling P, Luther JM, Cohen J, Byrd JB, et al. Sound science before quick Judgement regarding RAS blockade in COVID-19. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020; 15 (5): 714 – 716.

DeDiego ML, Nieto-Torres JL, Regla-Nava JA, Jimenez-Guardeno JM, Fernandez-Delgado R, Fett C, et al. Inhibition of NF-kappaB-mediated inflammation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected mice increases survival. J Virol. 2014; 88 (2): 913 – 924.

Deng L, Zeng Q, Wang M, Cheng A, Jia R, Chen S, et al. Suppression of NF-kappaB Activity: A Viral Immune Evasion Mechanism. Viruses. 2018; 10 (8).

Liu MW, Su MX, Zhang W, Wang YQ, Chen M, Wang L, et al. Protective effect of Xuebijing injection on paraquat-induced pulmonary injury via down-regulating the expression of p38 MAPK in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014; 14: 498.

Santos R., Ursu O., Gaulton A., Bento A.P., Donadi R.S., Bologa C.G., Karlsson A., Al-Lazikani B., Hersey A., Oprea T.I., Overington J.P. A comprehensive map of molecular drug targets. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2017; 16 (1): 19 – 34.

Quon T., Lin L.C., Ganguly A., Tobin A.B., Milligan G. Therapeutic opportunities and challenges in targeting the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2020; 3 (5): 801 – 812.

Xu, Fangfang et al. “Mechanism deconvolution of Qing Fei Pai Du decoction for treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) by label-free integrative pharmacology assays.” Journal of ethnopharmacology vol. 280 (2021): 114488.

Rossi F., Tortora C., Argenziano M., Di Paola A., Punzo F. Cannabinoid receptor type 2: a possible target in SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-19) infection? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020; 21 (11).

Kaplan A.P., Ghebrehiwet B. Pathways for bradykinin formation and interrelationship with complement as a cause of edematous lung in COVID-19 patients. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2021; 147 (2): 507 – 509.

Chen C, Zhang Y, Huang J, et al. Favipiravir versus arbidol for clinical recovery rate in moderate and severe adult COVID-19 patients: a prospective, multicenter, open-label, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Front Pharmacol. 2021; 12: 683296.

Li, Lu et al. “The efficacy and safety of combined chinese herbal medicine and western medicine therapy for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.” Chinese medicine vol. 17, 1 77. 21 Jun. 2022, doi: 10.1186/s13020-022-00600-z.

Lin A., Eunhye Song E., Lee H. W., Lee M. S. (2020). Herbal Medicine for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J. Clin. Med. 9, 1583.

Yu, Ruizhe et al. “A systematic review of outcomes in COVID-19 patients treated with western medicine in combination with traditional Chinese medicine versus western medicine alone.” Expert reviews in molecular medicine vol. 24 e5. 6 Jan. 2022.

Downloads

Published

24-03-2024

How to Cite

Zhang, J. (2024). Five traditional Chinese medicine formulations for addressing COVID-19. Transactions on Materials, Biotechnology and Life Sciences, 3, 532-538. https://doi.org/10.62051/ew5k7078