Inhibitory Effect of Serum from Atherosclerotic Patients on Oxidized LDL Uptake by Macrophages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62051/ijphmr.v5n1.05Keywords:
Atherosclerotic antigens, Autoantibody, Macrophage, Oxidized LDL, Foam cellAbstract
Introduction: Atherosclerotic antigens can elicit an adaptive immune response, resulting in increased levels of autoantibodies in patient serum. However, the direct effects of patient serum and its autoantibodies on lipid uptake and foam cell formation remain unexplored. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effects of patient serum and its autoantibodies on macrophage lipid phagocytosis and foam cell formation, as well as assessed the antibody status against the whole antigen of foam cells in the serum. Human serum, which included samples from forty-five patients and eight healthy individuals, was co-cultured with the oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) and macrophages, and then the effect of the serum on inhibiting ox-LDL lipid engulfment by macrophages was assessed. Next, the binding ability of human serum antibodies to foam cells was evaluated using ELISA and immunofluorescence staining. Results: Our results indicated that 17.8% of patient serum samples demonstrate a significant inhibition of ox-LDL uptake by macrophages (p < 0.05). Among these samples, ELISA and immunofluorescence staining results further revealed that the circulating IgG and IgM levels against foam cell antigens were significantly higher in patients than in healthy individuals. The IC50 value of purified antibodies from patients reached as low as 0.024 mg/mL in inhibiting ox-LDL uptake by macrophages, which is significantly lower than the IC50 value of 0.054 mg/mL observed in healthy individuals. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the protective role of patient serum and its autoantibody against atherosclerosis.
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