The COVID-19 Pandemic's Stigma Effects on Chinese International Students' Lives and Mental Health

Authors

  • Jialu Tang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62051/x4p63k71

Keywords:

Stigma; Covid-19; Chinese international students.

Abstract

As COVID-19, which originated in Wuhan, China, spreads globally in 2019, there has been a surge in discrimination against people of Chinese descent. Negative labels such as "disease carrier" and "potential threat" have become closely associated with the Chinese community, resulting in social segregation characterized by exclusion, discrimination, and, in some cases, physical harm. This study aims to explore whether the stigma against Chinese international students still exists today when the epidemic has ended. This study collected 100 questionnaires from Chinese international students in Western countries regarding personally identifiable information, personal experiences of stigma, and reactions to stigma. By analyzing the questionnaire data, the stigmatization experiences of Chinese international students after the epidemic were summarized. Stereotypes such as "virus carriers" that arose during the epidemic still existed and continued to affect the 324dc health of Chinese students who study abroad. At this same time, many Chinese students were able to recover from the trauma quickly, but there are still some students who have difficulty or are unable to fully recover from the trauma. This paper hopes to draw the attention of more overseas universities to this current situation and create a healthier and more inclusive learning environment for international students.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Devakumar, D., Shannon, G., Bhopal, S. S., & Abubakar, I. (2020). Racism and discrimination in COVID-19 responses. The Lancet, 395(10231), 1194. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30792-3

Gray, C., & Hansen, K. (2021). Did covid-19 lead to an increase in hate crimes toward Chinese people in London? Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 37(4), 569–588. https://doi.org/10.1177/10439862211027994

California Department of Justice. (2020). (rep.). Anti-Asian Hate Crime Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic (pp. 1–20). California, US.

Gover, A. R., Harper, S. B., & Langton, L. (2020). Anti-Asian hate crime during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the reproduction of inequality. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 45(4), 647–667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09545-1

Link, B. G. & Phelan, J. C. (2001). Conceptualizing stigma. Annual Review of Sociology, 27(1), 363-385. doi: 10. 1146/annurev. Soc. 27. 1. 363

Major, B., & O’Brien, L. T. (2005). The Social Psychology of Stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56(1), 393-421. doi: 10. 1146/annurev. psych. 56. 091103. 070137

Carter, R. T. (2007). Racism and psychological and emotional injury. The Counseling Psychologist, 35(1), 13–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006292033

Klonoff, E. A., & Landrine, H. (1999). Cross-validation of the schedule of racist events. Journal of Black Psychology, 25(2), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798499025002006

Lee, S., & Waters, S. F. (2021). Asians and Asian Americans’ experiences of racial discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic: Impacts on health outcomes and the buffering role of social support. Stigma and Health, 6(1), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/sah0000275

Wei, M., Heppner, P. P., Mallen, M. J., Ku, T.-Y., Liao, K. Y.-H., & Wu, T.-F. (2007). Acculturative stress, perfectionism, years in the United States, and depression among Chinese international students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54(4), 385–394. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.54.4.385

Maeshima, L. S., & Parent, M. C. (2020). Mental health stigma and professional help-seeking behaviors among Asian American and Asian International Students. Journal of American College Health, 70(6), 1761–1767. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1819820

Han, X., Han, X., Luo, Q., Jacobs, S., & Jean-Baptiste, M. (2013). Report of a mental health survey among Chinese international students at Yale University. Journal of American College Health, 61(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2012.738267

Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674-697. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674

Abdelhafiz, A. S., & Alorabi, M. (2020). Social stigma: The hidden threat of covid-19. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00429

Bhanot, D., Singh, T., Verma, S. K., & Sharad, S. (2021). Stigma and discrimination during COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.577018

Villa, S., Jaramillo, E., Mangioni, D., Bandera, A., Gori, A., & Raviglione, M. C. (2020). Stigma at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 26(11), 1450–1452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.08.001

Geng, L. (2010). A discussion of “snowball” sampling methods. China Statistics, 57–58.

Downloads

Published

01-04-2024

How to Cite

Tang, J. (2024). The COVID-19 Pandemic’s Stigma Effects on Chinese International Students’ Lives and Mental Health. Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 5, 149-155. https://doi.org/10.62051/x4p63k71