The Specific Mechanism of Th1Th2 Balance in Tumor Immunity

Abstract

With the development of modern science, tumor immune microenvironment (TME) has become the mainstream of research. There are many related studies on Th1/Th2, so it is important to bring together such studies. At present, the research on Th1/Th2 mainly focuses on the following aspects: the mechanism of Th1/Th2 cells in TME, the inhibitory effect of Th1 cells in tumor tissues, and the related therapies for Th1/Th2 cell balance. However, there are few studies that summarize the above research directions. In this paper, the interaction between Th1 and Th2 was elaborated and found that Th2 interfered with the normal anti-tumor function of Th1 inhibition in TME, and MDSC was produced and accumulated in tumor tissues, resulting in the increase of MDSC. MDSCs can show effective immunosuppressive and tumor-promoting functions in TME through a variety of mechanisms, and together with M2 macrophages, they can assist Th2 to exert inhibitory effects on Th1 and CD8+ T cells. Saikosaponin A and xanthohumol can effectively balance Th1/Th2 to achieve the effect of treating tumors. This study reveals the specific interaction mechanism of Th2 and Th1 in TME, elucidates the inhibitory role of Th1 cells in tumor tissues, and summarizes the research results in related fields in recent years, as well as the current research progress in related fields.